Tlhaloso: Lipeo tsa meroho ke mohato oa pele oa tlhahiso ea meroho, 'me boleng ba lipeo bo bohlokoa haholo ho chai le boleng ba meroho ka mor'a ho lema.Ka ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea karohano ea basebetsi indastering ea meroho, lipeo tsa meroho butle-butle li thehile ketane e ikemetseng ea indasteri le tlhahiso ea meroho.Ka lebaka la ho angoa ke boemo ba leholimo bo bobe, mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho jala peo e tobana le mathata a mangata a kang ho hōla butle ha lipeo, ho hōla ha maoto, le likokoanyana le mafu.Ho sebetsana le lipeo tse nang le maoto a maoto, balemi ba bangata ba khoebo ba sebelisa li-regulator tsa kholo.Leha ho le joalo, ho na le likotsi tsa ho tiea ha lipeo, polokeho ea lijo le tšilafalo ea tikoloho ka tšebeliso ea litsamaiso tsa kholo.Ntle le mekhoa ea ho laola lik'hemik'hale, le hoja ts'ebetso ea mochine, mocheso le taolo ea metsi li ka boela tsa phetha karolo ea ho thibela ho hōla ha lipeo tsa maoto, ha li bonolo ebile ha li na thuso.Tlas'a tšusumetso ea seoa se secha sa lefats'e sa Covid-19, mathata a mathata a taolo ea tlhahiso a bakoang ke khaello ea basebetsi le ho phahama ha litšenyehelo tsa basebetsi indastering ea lipeo li atile haholo.

Ka nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea mabone, ts'ebeliso ea leseli la maiketsetso bakeng sa ho holisa lipeo tsa meroho e na le melemo ea ho sebetsa hantle ha lipeo, likokoanyana le mafu a fokolang, le maemo a bonolo.Ha ho bapisoa le mehloli e tloaelehileng ea leseli, moloko o mocha oa mehloli ea leseli la LED o na le litšobotsi tsa ho boloka matla, bokhoni bo phahameng, bophelo bo bolelele, ts'ireletso ea tikoloho le ho tšoarella, boholo bo fokolang, mahlaseli a tlaase a mocheso, le maqhubu a manyenyane a maqhubu.E ka theha sebopuoa se nepahetseng ho latela litlhoko tsa kholo le nts'etsopele ea lipeo tikolohong ea lifeme tsa limela, le ho laola ka nepo ts'ebetso ea 'mele le metabolism ea lipeo, ka nako e ts'oanang, e kenya letsoho tlhahisong e se nang tšilafalo, e tloaelehileng le e potlakileng ea ho hlahisa lipeo tsa meroho. , 'me e khutsufatsa potoloho ea lipeo.China Boroa, ho nka matsatsi a ka bang 60 ho lema lipeo tsa pepere le tamati (makhasi a 'nete a 3-4) ka har'a li-greenhouses tsa polasetiki, le matsatsi a ka bang 35 bakeng sa lipeo tsa likomkomere (makhasi a 3-5 a nnete).Tlas'a maemo a feme ea limela, ho nka matsatsi a 17 feela ho lema lipeo tsa tamati le matsatsi a 25 bakeng sa lipeo tsa pepere tlas'a maemo a photoperiod ea 20 h le PPF ea 200-300 μmol/(m2•s).Ha ho bapisoa le mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho lema sethopo ka har'a sethopo, ts'ebeliso ea mokhoa oa ho lema lipeo tsa feme ea LED e khutsufalitse nako ea kholo ea likomkomere ka matsatsi a 15-30, 'me palo ea lipalesa tsa basali le litholoana semela ka seng e eketsehile ka 33.8% le 37.3%. , ka ho latellana, 'me lihlahisoa tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa li eketsehile ka 71.44%.

Mabapi le ts'ebeliso ea matla a matla, ts'ebeliso ea matla ea lifeme tsa limela e phahame ho feta ea li-greenhouses tsa mofuta oa Venlo sebakeng se tšoanang.Ka mohlala, fekthering ea limela ea Sweden, 1411 MJ e hlokeha ho hlahisa 1 kg ea ntho e omileng ea lettuce, ha 1699 MJ e hlokeha sebakeng sa sethopo.Leha ho le joalo, haeba motlakase o hlokehang ka kilogram ea ntho e omileng ea lettuce e baloa, fektheri ea semela e hloka 247 kW·h ho hlahisa 1 kg e boima ba lettuce, 'me li-greenhouses Sweden, Netherlands le United Arab Emirates li hloka 182 kW· h, 70 kW·h, le 111 kW·h, ka ho latellana.

Ka nako e ts'oanang, fekthering ea limela, tšebeliso ea lik'homphieutha, lisebelisoa tse itekanetseng, bohlale ba maiketsetso le theknoloji e meng e ka laola ka nepo maemo a tikoloho a loketseng ho lengoa ha lipeo, ho tlosa mefokolo ea maemo a tikoloho ea tlhaho, le ho hlokomela ba bohlale, tlhahiso e tsitsitseng le e tsitsitseng ea selemo le selemo ea tlhahiso ea lipeo.Lilemong tsa morao tjena, lipeo tsa fektheri li 'nile tsa sebelisoa tlhahiso ea khoebo ea meroho e makhasi, meroho ea litholoana le lijalo tse ling tsa moruo Japane, Korea Boroa, Europe le United States le linaheng tse ling.Matsete a phahameng a qalong a lifeme tsa limela, litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso, le ts'ebeliso e kholo ea matla a sistimi e ntse e le litšitiso tse fokotsang ho khothaletsoa ha theknoloji ea temo ea lipeo lifekthering tsa limela tsa China.Ka hona, hoa hlokahala ho ela hloko litlhoko tsa chai e ngata le ho boloka matla ho latela maqheka a taolo ea leseli, ho theha mefuta ea kholo ea meroho, le lisebelisoa tsa boiketsetso ho ntlafatsa melemo ea moruo.

Sehloohong sena, ho hlahlojoa tšusumetso ea tikoloho ea leseli la LED kholong le nts'etsopele ea lipeo tsa meroho lifekthering tsa limela lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka pono ea tataiso ea lipatlisiso tsa taolo e bobebe ea lipeo tsa meroho lifekthering tsa limela.

1. Liphello tsa Tikoloho ea Leseli Kholisong le Kholisong ea Lipeo tsa Meroho

E le e 'ngoe ea lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa tikoloho bakeng sa kholo le nts'etsopele ea semela, leseli ha se mohloli oa matla feela bakeng sa limela ho etsa photosynthesis, empa hape ke lets'oao la bohlokoa le amang photomorphogenesis ea semela.Limela li lemoha tataiso, matla le boleng ba khanya ea lets'oao ka mokhoa oa mats'oao a leseli, li laola kholo ea tsona le nts'etsopele, 'me li arabela boteng kapa bosieo, bolelele ba maqhubu, matla le nako ea nako ea khanya.Li-photoreceptors tsa semela tse tsebahalang hajoale li kenyelletsa bonyane lihlopha tse tharo: phytochromes (PHYA~PHYE) e utloang leseli le khubelu le bofubelu bo hole (FR), li-cryptochromes (CRY1 le CRY2) tse nang le kutloisiso e putsoa le ultraviolet A, le Elements (Phot1 le Phot2), the UV-B receptor UVR8 e utloang UV-B.Li-photoreceptor tsena li kenya letsoho le ho laola polelo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tse amanang le tsona ebe li laola mesebetsi ea bophelo joalo ka ho mela ha peo ea semela, photomorphogenesis, nako ea lipalesa, motsoako le ho bokellana ha metabolites ea bobeli, le mamello ho likhatello tsa biotic le abiotic.

2. Tšusumetso ea tikoloho ea leseli la LED ho thehoa ha photomorphological ea lipeo tsa meroho

2.1 Liphello tsa Boleng bo Fapaneng ba Leseli ho Photomorphogenesis ea Lipeo tsa Meroho

Libaka tse khubelu le tse putsoa tsa spectrum li na le katleho e phahameng ea quantum bakeng sa photosynthesis ea makhasi.Leha ho le joalo, ho pepeseha ha nako e telele ha makhasi a likomkomere maboneng a mafubelu a hloekileng ho tla senya photosystem, ho baka ketsahalo ea "red light syndrome" e kang stunted stomatal response, ho fokotseha ha matla a photosynthetic le ts'ebeliso ea naetrojene e sebetsang hantle, le ho lieha ho hōla.Tlas'a boemo ba khanya e tlase ea khanya (100±5 μmol/(m2•s)), lebone le lefubelu le hloekileng le ka senya li-chloroplasts tsa makhasi a manyane le a seng a hōlile a likomkomere, empa li-chloroplast tse senyehileng li ile tsa fumanoa ka mor'a hore li fetoloe ho tloha leboneng le lefubelu le hloekileng. ho khanya e khubelu le e putsoa ( R:B= 7:3 ).Ho e-na le hoo, ha limela tsa likomkomere li fetoha ho tloha tikolohong ea leseli le bofubelu bo boputsoa ho ea sebakeng se hloekileng sa khanya e khubelu, ts'ebetso ea photosynthetic ha ea ka ea fokotseha haholo, e bontšang ho ikamahanya le maemo ho tikoloho ea leseli le khubelu.Ka tlhahlobo ea microscope ea elektronike ea sebopeho sa makhasi a lipeo tsa likomkomere tse nang le "red light syndrome", bafuputsi ba fumane hore palo ea li-chloroplasts, boholo ba granules ea starch, le botenya ba grana makhasi tlas'a khanya e khubelu e hloekileng e ne e le tlase haholo ho feta tse tlas'a phekolo ea khanya e tšoeu.Ho kenella ha leseli le leputsoa ho ntlafatsa litšobotsi tsa ultrastructure le photosynthetic ea cucumber chloroplasts le ho felisa ho bokellana ho feteletseng ha limatlafatsi.Ha ho bapisoa le leseli le lesoeu le leseli le khubelu le le leputsoa, ​​leseli le khubelu le hloekileng le ile la khothalletsa hypocotyl elongation le ho atolosoa ha cotyledon ea lipeo tsa tamati, ho eketseha haholo ha bophahamo ba semela le sebaka sa makhasi, empa ho fokotsehile haholo matla a photosynthetic, ho fokotsa litaba tsa Rubisco le katleho ea photochemical, le ho eketsa haholo mocheso oa mocheso.Ho ka bonoa hore mefuta e fapaneng ea limela e arabela ka tsela e fapaneng ho boleng bo tšoanang ba khanya, empa ha e bapisoa le leseli la monochromatic, limela li na le katleho e phahameng ea photosynthesis le kholo e matla haholoanyane tikolohong ea leseli le tsoakiloeng.

Bafuputsi ba entse lipatlisiso tse ngata mabapi le ho ntlafatsa motsoako oa boleng bo bobebe ba lipeo tsa meroho.Tlas'a matla a khanya a tšoanang, ka keketseho ea karo-karolelano ea leseli le khubelu, bophahamo ba semela le boima bo bocha ba lipeo tsa langa le le lej le likomkomere li ile tsa ntlafatsoa haholo, 'me phekolo e nang le karo-karolelano ea bofubelu ho buluu ea 3: 1 e bile le phello e ntle ka ho fetisisa;ho fapana le hoo, karo-karolelano e phahameng ea leseli le leputsoa E ile ea thibela kholo ea tamati le likomkomere lipeo, tse neng li le khutšoanyane ebile li kopane, empa li ile tsa eketsa litaba tsa taba e omileng le chlorophyll ka letlobo la lipeo.Mekhoa e tšoanang e bonoa lijalong tse ling, joalo ka pelepele le mahapu.Ho feta moo, ha ho bapisoa le leseli le lesoeu, leseli le khubelu le leputsoa (R: B = 3: 1) ha lea ka la ntlafatsa haholo botenya ba makhasi feela, litaba tsa chlorophyll, ts'ebetso ea photosynthetic le katleho ea phetisetso ea elektronike ea lipeo tsa tamati, empa hape le maemo a polelo a li-enzyme tse amanang le ona. ho ea ho potoloho ea Calvin, kholo ea limela tsa meroho le ho bokella lik'habohaedreite le tsona li ile tsa ntlafatsoa haholo.Ha ho bapisoa litekanyo tse peli tsa khanya e khubelu le e putsoa (R:B=2:1, 4:1), tekanyo e phahameng ea leseli le leputsoa e ne e loketse ho etsa hore lipalesa tse tšehali li hlahe lipeong tsa likomkomere le ho potlakisa nako ea lipalesa tse tšehali. .Le hoja likarolo tse fapaneng tsa leseli le khubelu le leputsoa li ne li se na phello e kholo ho kotulong e ncha ea boima ba khale, arugula le lipeo tsa mosetareta, tekanyo e phahameng ea leseli le leputsoa (30% ea leseli le leputsoa) e fokolitse haholo bolelele ba hypocotyl le sebaka sa cotyledon sa khale. le lipeo tsa mosetareta, ha 'mala oa cotyledon o tebile.Ka hona, tlhahisong ea lipeo, keketseho e nepahetseng ea karolo ea leseli le leputsoa e ka khutsufatsa haholo sebaka sa node le sebaka sa makhasi a lipeo tsa meroho, ho khothaletsa katoloso ea lipeo, le ho ntlafatsa index ea matla ea lipeo, e loketseng ho lema lipeo tse matla.Tlas'a boemo ba hore matla a khanya a ile a lula a sa fetohe, ho eketseha ha leseli le letala ka leseli le khubelu le le leputsoa ho ile ha ntlafatsa haholo boima bo bocha, sebaka sa makhasi le bophahamo ba semela sa lipeo tsa pepere e monate.Ha ho bapisoa le lebone la setso le lesoeu la fluorescent, tlas'a maemo a khanya e khubelu-botala-putsoa (R3:G2:B5), lipeo tsa Y[II], qP le ETR tsa 'Okagi No. 1 tomato' li ile tsa ntlafatsoa haholo.Keketso ea leseli la UV (100 μmol/(m2•s) leseli le leputsoa + 7% UV-A) ho khanya e hloekileng e putsoa e fokolitse lebelo la ho lelefatsa ha stem ea arugula le mosetareta, athe tlatsetso ea FR e ne e fapane.Sena se boetse se bontša hore ntle le khanya e khubelu le e putsoa, ​​litšoaneleho tse ling tse khanyang le tsona li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea kholo ea limela le nts'etsopele.Le hoja leseli la ultraviolet kapa FR e se mohloli oa matla oa photosynthesis, bobeli ba bona ba ameha ho photomorphogenesis ea semela.Leseli la UV le matla haholo le kotsi ho limela tsa DNA le liprotheine, joalo-joalo Leha ho le joalo, leseli la UV le kenya tšebetsong likarabo tsa khatello ea kelello ea cellular, e leng se bakang liphetoho kholong ea limela, morphology le nts'etsopele ho ikamahanya le liphetoho tsa tikoloho.Liphuputso li bontšitse hore R / FR e tlaase e etsa hore ho be le likarabo tsa ho qoba moriti limela, e leng se bakang liphetoho tsa sebopeho sa limela, tse kang ho lelefatsa ha kutu, ho fokotsa makhasi le ho fokotsa chai e omileng.Lehlaka le lesesaane ha se tšobotsi e ntle ea ho hola bakeng sa ho lema lipeo tse matla.Bakeng sa lipeo tse tloaelehileng tsa makhasi le litholoana tsa meroho, lipeo tse tiileng, tse tiileng le tse otlolohileng ha li na mathata nakong ea lipalangoang le ho lema.

UV-A ka etsa hore likomkomere seedling limela e khutsoanyane le ho feta diseke ee, 'me lihlahisoa ka mor'a hore transplanting ha haholo fapane ho tloha ea taolo ya;ha UV-B e na le phello e matla ea ho thibela ho feta, 'me phello ea ho fokotsa lihlahisoa ka mor'a ho fetisetsa limela ha e bohlokoa.Liphuputso tse fetileng li bontšitse hore UV-A e thibela ho hōla ha limela 'me e etsa hore limela li fokotsehe.Empa ho na le bopaki bo ntseng bo hola ba hore boteng ba UV-A, sebakeng sa ho hatella biomass ea lijalo, bo hlile bo bo khothaletsa.Ha ho bapisoa le leseli la motheo le khubelu le le lesoeu (R:W = 2:3, PPFD ke 250 μmol/(m2 · s)), matla a tlatsetso a mabone a khubelu le a masoeu ke 10 W/m2 (hoo e ka bang 10 μmol/(m2· s)) UV-A ea khale e ekelitse biomass haholo, bolelele ba internode, bophara ba kutu le bophara ba semela sa lipeo tsa khale, empa ts'ebetso ea ntlafatso e ile ea fokola ha matla a UV a feta 10 W/m2.Daily 2 h UV-A supplementation (0.45 J/(m2•s)) e ka eketsa bolelele ba semela haholo, sebaka sa cotyledon le boima bo bocha ba lipeo tsa tamati ea 'Oxheart', ha e ntse e fokotsa litaba tsa H2O2 tsa lipeo tsa tamati.Ho ka bonoa hore lijalo tse fapaneng li arabela ka tsela e fapaneng maboneng a UV, a ka amanang le kutloelo-bohloko ea lijalo ho khanya ea UV.

Bakeng sa ho lema lipeo tse hlomathisitsoeng, bolelele ba kutu bo lokela ho eketsoa ka nepo ho nolofatsa ho hlomathisoa ha methapo ea sona.Matla a fapaneng a FR a bile le litlamorao tse fapaneng kholong ea tamati, pepere, likomkomere, lipeo tsa lekhapu le mahapu.Tlatsetso ea 18.9 μmol/(m2•s) ea FR khanyeng e batang e tšoeu e ekelitse bolelele ba hypocotyl le bophara ba kutu ea lipeo tsa tamati le pepere;FR ea 34.1 μmol/(m2•s) e bile le phello e ntle ka ho fetisisa ho phahamisetseng bolelele ba hypocotyl le bophara ba kutu ea likomkomere, lipeo tsa mohope le lipeo tsa mahapu;matla a phahameng a FR (53.4 μmol/(m2•s)) a bile le phello e ntle ka ho fetisisa merohong ena e mehlano.Bolelele ba hypocotyl le bophara ba kutu ea lipeo ha bo sa eketseha haholo, 'me bo ile ba qala ho bontša mokhoa oa ho theoha.Boima bo bocha ba lipeo tsa pepere bo theohile haholo, ho bontša hore boleng ba FR saturation ea lipeo tse hlano tsa meroho kaofela bo ne bo le ka tlase ho 53.4 μmol/(m2•s), mme boleng ba FR bo ne bo le tlase haholo ho feta ba FR.Liphello tsa ho hōla ha lipeo tse fapaneng tsa meroho le tsona li fapane.

2.2 Liphello tsa Phapang ea Motšehare oa Motšehare ho Photomorphogenesis ea Lipeo tsa Meroho

The Daylight Integral (DLI) e emela kakaretso ea palo ea lifoto tsa photosynthetic tse amoheloang ke sebaka sa semela ka letsatsi, se amanang le matla a khanya le nako ea khanya.Mokhoa oa ho bala ke DLI (mol/m2/letsatsi) = matla a khanya [μmol/(m2•s)] × Nako ea khanya ea letsatsi le letsatsi (h) × 3600 × 10-6.Sebakeng se nang le khanya e tlase, limela li arabela tikolohong ea khanya e tlase ka ho lelefatsa kutu le bolelele ba internode, ho eketsa bolelele ba semela, bolelele ba petiole le sebaka sa makhasi, le ho fokotseha ha botenya ba makhasi le sekhahla sa photosynthetic.Ka ho eketseha ha matla a khanya, ntle le mosetareta, bolelele ba hypocotyl le kutu ea lipeo tsa arugula, k'habeche le khale tlas'a boleng bo tšoanang bo fokotsehile haholo.Ho ka bonoa hore phello ea leseli kholong ea limela le morphogenesis e amana le matla a khanya le mefuta ea limela.Ka keketseho ea DLI (8.64 ~ 28.8 mol/m2/letsatsi), mofuta oa semela oa lipeo tsa likomkomere o ile oa fetoha o mokhuts'oanyane, o matla ebile o kopane, 'me boima bo khethehileng ba makhasi le chlorophyll ea fokotseha butle-butle.Matsatsi a 6-16 ka mor'a ho jala lipeo tsa likomkomere, makhasi le metso li omeletse.Boima bo ile ba eketseha butle-butle, 'me sekhahla sa khōlo se ile sa eketseha butle-butle, empa matsatsi a 16 ho isa ho a 21 ka mor'a ho jala, sekhahla sa kholo ea makhasi le metso ea likomkomere lipeo tsa fokotseha haholo.DLI e ntlafalitsoeng e khothalelitse sekhahla sa photosynthetic sa lipeo tsa likomkomere, empa kamora boleng bo itseng, sekhahla sa photosynthetic se ile sa qala ho theoha.Ka hona, ho khetha DLI e nepahetseng le ho sebelisa mekhoa e fapaneng ea mabone a tlatsetso maemong a fapaneng a kholo ea lipeo ho ka fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla.Likahare tsa tsoekere e qhibilihang le enzyme ea SOD ka likomkomere le lipeo tsa tamati li eketsehile ka keketseho ea matla a DLI.Ha matla a DLI a eketseha ho tloha ho 7.47 mol/m2/letsatsi ho ea ho 11.26 mol/m2/letsatsi, litaba tsa tsoekere e qhibilihang le enzyme ea SOD lipeong tsa likomkomere li eketsehile ka 81.03%, le 55.5% ka ho latellana.Tlas'a maemo a tšoanang a DLI, ka ho eketseha ha matla a leseli le ho khutsufatsa ha nako ea leseli, ts'ebetso ea PSII ea lipeo tsa tamati le likomkomere e ile ea thibeloa, 'me ho khetha leano la tlatsetso la leseli la khanya e tlase le nako e telele ho ne ho loketse ho lema semela se phahameng. index le katleho ea photochemical ea likomkomere le lipeo tsa tamati.

Ho hlahisoeng ha lipeo tse hlomathisitsoeng, tikoloho ea khanya e tlaase e ka lebisa ho fokotseha ha boleng ba lipeo tse hlomathisitsoeng le ho eketseha ha nako ea pholiso.Matla a khanyang a nepahetseng a ke ke a ntlafatsa feela bokhoni bo tlamang ba sebaka sa pholiso se hlomathisitsoeng le ho ntlafatsa index ea lipeo tse matla, empa hape ho fokotsa node boemo ba lipalesa tsa basali le ho eketsa palo ea lipalesa tsa basali.Lifemeng tsa limela, DLI ea 2.5-7.5 mol/m2/letsatsi e ne e lekane ho khotsofatsa litlhoko tsa pholiso tsa lipeo tse hlomathisitsoeng tsa tamati.Botenya le botenya ba makhasi a lipeo tsa tamati tse hlomathisitsoeng li ile tsa eketseha haholo ka matla a ntseng a eketseha a DLI.Sena se bontša hore lipeo tse hlomathisitsoeng ha li hloke khanya e phahameng bakeng sa pholiso.Ka hona, ho ela hloko tšebeliso ea matla le tikoloho ea ho lema, ho khetha matla a mabone a loketseng ho tla thusa ho ntlafatsa melemo ea moruo.

3. Liphello tsa tikoloho ea leseli la LED ho hanyetsa khatello ea kelello ea lipeo tsa meroho

Limela li fumana mats'oao a leseli a kantle ka li-photoreceptors, tse bakang motsoako le ho bokellana ha limolek'hule tsa matšoao semeleng, ka hona li fetola kholo le ts'ebetso ea litho tsa semela, 'me qetellong li ntlafatsa khanyetso ea semela khatellong ea maikutlo.Boleng bo fapaneng ba leseli bo na le phello e itseng ea ntlafatso ntlafatsong ea mamello ea serame le mamello ea letsoai ea lipeo.Ka mohlala, ha lipeo tsa langa le le lej li ne li tlatsitsoe ka leseli bakeng sa lihora tsa 4 bosiu, ha li bapisoa le phekolo ntle le leseli la tlatsetso, leseli le lesoeu, leseli le khubelu, lebone le leputsoa, ​​​​le leseli le khubelu le le leputsoa le ka fokotsa matla a electrolyte le MDA content ea lipeo tsa tamati, le ho ntlafatsa mamello ea serame.Mesebetsi ea SOD, POD le CAT ka lipeo tsa tamati tlas'a phekolo ea 8: 2 e khubelu-putsoa karo-karolelano e ne e phahame haholo ho feta ea liphekolo tse ling, 'me ba ne ba e-na le matla a phahameng a antioxidant le mamello ea serame.

Phello ea UV-B ho kholo ea metso ea soya ke haholo-holo ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa khatello ea limela ka ho eketsa dikahare tsa motso NO le ROS, ho kenyelletsa le limolek'hule tse bontšang li-hormone tse kang ABA, SA, le JA, le ho thibela nts'etsopele ea metso ka ho fokotsa litaba tsa IAA. , CTK, le GA.Photoreceptor ea UV-B, UVR8, ha e amehe feela ho laola photomorphogenesis, empa hape e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa khatellong ea UV-B.Lipeong tsa tamati, UVR8 e hokahanya motsoako le pokello ea li-anthocyanins, 'me lipeo tsa tamati e hlaha tse nang le UV-acclimated li ntlafatsa bokhoni ba tsona ba ho sebetsana ka katleho le khatello e matla ea UV-B.Leha ho le joalo, ho feto-fetoha ha UV-B ho khatello ea komello e bakoang ke Arabidopsis ha e itšetlehe ka tsela ea UVR8, e bontšang hore UV-B e sebetsa e le pontšo e hlahisoang ke pontšo ea mekhoa ea tšireletso ea limela, e le hore mefuta e fapaneng ea lihomone li kopane. e amehang ho hanela khatello ea komello, ho eketsa bokhoni ba ho senya ROS.

Ka bobeli bolelele ba hypocotyl kapa kutu e bakoang ke FR le ho ikamahanya ha limela le khatello e batang li laoloa ke lihomone tsa semela.Ka hona, "phello ea ho qoba moriti" e bakoang ke FR e amana le ho ikamahanya le serame sa limela.Balekoli ba ile ba tlatselletsa lipeo tsa harese matsatsi a 18 ka mor'a hore li mele ka 15 ° C ka matsatsi a 10, ho pholile ho 5 ° C + ho tlatsana le FR ka matsatsi a 7, 'me ba fumane hore ha ho bapisoa le phekolo ea khanya e tšoeu, FR e matlafatsa ho hanyetsa serame ha lipeo tsa harese.Ts'ebetso ena e tsamaisana le Keketseho ea ABA le IAA ho lipeo tsa harese.Phetisetso e latelang ea 15 ° C FR-pretreated barley lipeed ho 5 ° C le ho tsoela pele FR supplementation bakeng sa matsatsi a 7 ho ile ha fella ka liphello tse tšoanang le tse peli tse ka holimo tsa phekolo, empa ka karabelo e fokotsehileng ea ABA.Limela tse nang le boleng bo fapaneng ba R: FR li laola biosynthesis ea phytohormones (GA, IAA, CTK, le ABA), tse kenyang letsoho ho mamelloeng ha letsoai la limela.Tlas'a khatello ea letsoai, tekanyo e tlaase ea R: FR tikoloho e khanyang e ka ntlafatsa matla a antioxidant le photosynthetic ea lipeo tsa tamati, ho fokotsa tlhahiso ea ROS le MDA lipeo, le ho ntlafatsa mamello ea letsoai.Ka bobeli khatello ea letsoai le boleng bo tlase ba R: FR (R: FR = 0.8) e thibetse biosynthesis ea chlorophyll, e ka 'nang ea amana le phetoho e thibetsoeng ea PBG ho UroIII tseleng ea chlorophyll synthesis, ha tikoloho e tlaase ea R:FR e ka fokotsa ka katleho. ho senyeha ha letsoai ho bakoang ke Khatello ea maikutlo ea chlorophyll synthesis.Liphetho tsena li bonts'a kamano e kholo lipakeng tsa phytochromes le mamello ea letsoai.

Ntle le tikoloho e khanyang, lintlha tse ling tsa tikoloho le tsona li ama kholo le boleng ba lipeo tsa meroho.Mohlala, keketseho ea CO2 ea mahloriso e tla eketsa boleng ba Pn (Pnmax ea khanya ea khanya), e fokotse sebaka sa matšeliso le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebeliso e ntle ea leseli.Keketseho ea matla a leseli le CO2 mahloriso e thusa ho ntlafatsa litaba tsa li-photosynthetic pigments, ts'ebeliso ea metsi hantle le mesebetsi ea li-enzyme tse amanang le potoloho ea Calvin, 'me qetellong e fihlelle katleho e phahameng ea photosynthetic le ho bokella biomass ea lipeo tsa tamati.Boima bo omeletseng le ho kopana ha lipeo tsa tamati le pepere li ne li amana hantle le DLI, 'me phetoho ea mocheso le eona e ile ea ama khōlo tlas'a phekolo e tšoanang ea DLI.Tikoloho ea 23 ~ 25 ℃ e ne e loketse ho feta bakeng sa kholo ea lipeo tsa tamati.Ho latela maemo a mocheso le a bobebe, bafuputsi ba thehile mokhoa oa ho bolela esale pele sekhahla sa kholo ea pepere ho latela mohlala oa kabo ea bate, o ka fanang ka tataiso ea mahlale bakeng sa taolo ea tikoloho ea tlhahiso ea peo e kentsoeng ea pepere.

Ka hona, ha ho etsoa moralo oa taolo ea leseli tlhahisong, ha hoa lokela ho nahanoa feela maemo a tikoloho a bobebe le mefuta ea limela, empa hape le lintlha tsa temo le taolo tse joalo ka phepo ea lipeo le taolo ea metsi, tikoloho ea khase, mocheso le sethala sa ho hola ha lipeo.

4. Mathata le Maikutlo

Taba ea pele, taolo e bobebe ea lipeo tsa meroho ke ts'ebetso e rarahaneng, 'me litlamorao tsa maemo a fapaneng a leseli mefuteng e fapaneng ea lipeo tsa meroho tikolohong ea fektheri ea semela li hloka ho hlahlojoa ka botlalo.Sena se bolela hore ho fihlela sepheo sa tlhahiso ea lipeo e sebetsang hantle le ea boleng bo holimo, ho hlokahala tlhahlobo e tsoelang pele ho theha sistimi e butsoitseng ea tekheniki.

Taba ea bobeli, le hoja tekanyo ea tšebeliso ea matla ea mohloli oa leseli la LED e batla e phahame, tšebeliso ea matla bakeng sa mabone a limela ke eona e sebelisoang haholo bakeng sa ho lema lipeo tse sebelisang leseli la maiketsetso.Tšebeliso e ngata ea matla ea lifeme tsa limela e ntse e le tšitiso e thibelang nts'etsopele ea lifeme tsa limela.

Qetellong, ka tšebeliso e pharaletseng ea mabone a limela temong, litšenyehelo tsa mabone a limela tsa LED li lebeletsoe hore li fokotsehe haholo nakong e tlang;ho fapana le hoo, ho eketseha ha litšenyehelo tsa basebetsi, haholo-holo nakong ea ka mor'a lefu la seoa, ho hloka mosebetsi ho tlamehile ho khothalletsa mokhoa oa ho sebelisa mechine le ho iketsetsa tlhahiso.Nakong e tlang, mehlala ea maiketsetso ea taolo e thehiloeng bohlaleng le lisebelisoa tse bohlale tsa tlhahiso e tla fetoha e 'ngoe ea mekhoa ea mantlha ea tlhahiso ea lipeo tsa meroho,' me e tla tsoelapele ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea ho jala lipeo tsa feme ea limela.

Bangoli: Jiehui Tan, Houcheng Liu
Mohloli oa sengoloa: Ak'haonte ea Wechat ea Agricultural Engineering Technology (greenhouse horticulture)