Mohloli oa pele: Houcheng Liu.Boemo ba nts'etsopele le mokhoa oa indasteri ea mabone a limela tsa LED[J] .Journal of Illumination Engineering,2018,29(04):8-9.
Mohloli oa Sehlooho: Material Hang Deep

Leseli ke ntlha ea mantlha ea tikoloho ea kholo le nts'etsopele ea limela.Leseli ha le fane feela ka matla bakeng sa kholo ea limela ka photosynthesis, empa hape ke molaoli oa bohlokoa oa kholo le nts'etsopele ea limela.Tlatsetso ea mabone a maiketsetso kapa khanya e felletseng ea mabone a maiketsetso e ka khothaletsa kholo ea semela, ea eketsa chai, ea ntlafatsa sebopeho sa sehlahisoa, 'mala, ea ntlafatsa likarolo tsa ts'ebetso, le ho fokotsa ho hlaha ha mafu le likokoanyana.Kajeno, ke tla arolelana le uena boemo ba nts'etsopele le mokhoa oa indasteri ea mabone a limela.
Theknoloji ea mohloli oa leseli oa maiketsetso e sebelisoa haholo le ho feta tšimong ea mabone a limela.LED e na le melemo e mengata e kang bokhoni bo phahameng ba khanya, tlhahiso ea mocheso o tlaase, boholo bo fokolang, bophelo bo bolelele le melemo e meng e mengata.E na le melemo e totobetseng tšimong ea ho hōla mabone.Indasteri ea mabone e ntseng e hola e tla amohela butle-butle lisebelisoa tsa mabone a LED bakeng sa temo ea limela.

A. Boemo ba nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea mabone a LED 

Sephutheloana sa 1.LED bakeng sa ho hola mabone

Sebakeng sa ho holisa mabone a liphutheloana tsa LED, ho na le mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa tsa ho paka, 'me ha ho na mokhoa o kopaneng oa tekanyo le tlhahlobo.Ka hona, ha ho bapisoa le lihlahisoa tsa malapeng, baetsi ba kantle ho naha ba shebana haholo le matla a phahameng, li-cob le li-module, ba nahanela letoto la leseli le lesoeu la mabone a hola, ho nahanoa ka litšobotsi tsa kholo ea limela le tikoloho ea mabone a batho, ba na le melemo e mengata ea tekheniki ho ts'epahala, leseli. ho sebetsa hantle, litšoaneleho tsa mahlaseli a li-photosynthetic tsa limela tse fapaneng ka lipotoloho tse fapaneng tsa kholo, ho kenyeletsoa mefuta e fapaneng ea matla a phahameng, matla a mahareng le matla a tlase a lihlahisoa tsa boholo bo fapaneng, ho fihlela litlhoko tsa limela tse fapaneng libakeng tse fapaneng tsa kholo, tse lebelletsoeng ho fihlella. sepheo sa ho eketsa kholo ea semela le ho boloka matla.

Palo e kholo ea litokelo tsa mantlha tsa chip epitaxial wafers e ntse e le matsohong a lik'hamphani tse etelletseng pele joalo ka Nichia ea Japane le American Career.Baetsi ba li-chip ba malapeng ba ntse ba haelloa ke lihlahisoa tse nang le tokelo ea molao tse nang le tlholisano ea 'maraka.Ka nako e ts'oanang, lik'hamphani tse ngata li ntse li nts'etsapele mahlale a macha lebaleng la ho holisa lisebelisoa tsa ho paka mabone.Mohlala, theknoloji e tšesaane ea Osram ea "chip" e thusa li-chips ho kopanngoa haufi-ufi ho theha sebaka se seholo sa mabone.Ho itšetlehile ka thekenoloji ena, mokhoa o phahameng oa ho bonesa oa LED o nang le leqhubu la 660nm o ka fokotsa 40% ea tšebeliso ea matla sebakeng sa temo.

2. Holisa mabone a mabone le lisebelisoa
Mabone a mabone a limela a rarahane haholoanyane ebile a fapane.Limela tse fapaneng li na le liphapang tse kholo ho ponahalo e hlokehang lipotolohong tse fapaneng tsa kholo esita le libakeng tse fapaneng tsa kholo.E le ho fihlela litlhoko tsena tse fapaneng, hajoale ho na le meralo e latelang indastering: ①Merero e mengata ea ho kopanya mabone a monochromatic.Lipontšo tse tharo tse sebetsang hantle bakeng sa photosynthesis ea semela haholo-holo ke mabala a nang le litlhōrō tsa 450nm le 660nm, sehlopha sa 730nm bakeng sa ho thunya ha semela, hammoho le khanya e tala ea 525nm le sehlopha sa ultraviolet se ka tlase ho 380nm.Kopanya mefuta ena ea spectra ho latela litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa limela ho theha sebono se loketseng ka ho fetisisa.②Leano le felletseng la sebono ho fihlela tšireletso e felletseng ea tlhokahalo ea limela.Mofuta ona oa spectrum o tsamaellanang le chip ea SUNLIKE e emetsoeng ke Seoul Semiconductor le Samsung e ka 'na ea se ke ea sebetsa ka ho fetisisa, empa e loketse limela tsohle,' me theko e tlaase haholo ho feta ea tharollo ea monochromatic light combination.③ Sebelisa lebone le lesoeu le nang le mabone a felletseng e le setsi sa mantlha, hammoho le lebone le lefubelu la 660nm e le moralo oa motsoako ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea mabone.Sekema sena se na le chelete e ngata ebile se sebetsa.

Semela se holisa mabone a li-chips tsa LED tse khanyang (maqhubu a mantlha ke 450nm, 660nm, 730nm) lisebelisoa tsa ho paka li koaheloa ke lik'hamphani tse ngata tsa lapeng le kantle ho naha, athe lihlahisoa tsa lapeng li fapane haholo ebile li na le litlhaloso tse ngata, mme lihlahisoa tsa bahlahisi ba kantle ho naha li maemong a holimo.Ka nako e ts'oanang, ka mokhoa oa photosynthetic photon flux , Matla a khanya, joalo-joalo, ho ntse ho e-na le lekhalo le leholo pakeng tsa baetsi ba liphutheloana ba malapeng le ba tsoang linaheng tse ling.Bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa ho paka tse khanyang tsa limela tse monochromatic, ntle le lihlahisoa tse nang le lihlopha tse kholo tsa maqhubu a 450nm, 660nm, le 730nm, bahlahisi ba bangata ba ntse ba hlahisa lihlahisoa tse ncha ho lihlopha tse ling tsa wavelength ho fumana tšireletso e feletseng bakeng sa mahlaseli a sebetsang a photo-synthetically (PAR) wavelength (450-730nm).

Mabone a kholo ea limela tsa LED a monochromatic ha a tšoanelehe bakeng sa kholo ea limela tsohle.Ka hona, melemo ea li-LED tse nang le mahlaseli a mangata a totobatsoa.Maqhubu a felletseng a tlameha ho qala ka ho fihlela khanya e felletseng ea khanya e felletseng ea khanya e bonahalang (400-700nm), 'me e eketse ts'ebetso ea lihlopha tsena tse peli: leseli le botala bo boputsoa (470-510nm), lebone le bofubelu bo tebileng (660-700nm).Sebelisa LED e tloaelehileng e putsoa kapa ultraviolet LED chip e nang le phosphor ho finyella "botlalo" bo bongata, 'me katleho ea eona ea photosynthetic e na le holimo le tlaase.Boholo ba bahlahisi ba mabone a limela tse tšoeu tsa LED lisebelisoa tsa ho paka ba sebelisa Blue chip + phosphors ho fihlela pono e felletseng.Ntle le mokhoa oa ho paka oa khanya ea monochromatic le leseli le leputsoa kapa ultraviolet chip hammoho le phosphor ho hlokomela leseli le lesoeu, lisebelisoa tsa ho paka mabone a semela le tsona li na le mokhoa oa ho paka o sebelisang li-chips tse peli kapa ho feta tsa wavelength, joalo ka tse khubelu tse leshome tse putsoa / ultraviolet, RGB, RGBW .Mokhoa ona oa ho paka o na le melemo e mengata ea ho fifala.

Mabapi le lihlahisoa tsa LED tse nang le maqhubu a moqotetsane, barekisi ba bangata ba liphutheloana ba ka fa bareki lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tsa maqhubu sehlopheng sa 365-740nm.Mabapi le mabone a mabone a semela a fetotsoeng ke phosphors, bahlahisi ba bangata ba liphutheloana ba na le mefuta e mengata e fapaneng eo bareki ba ka khethang ho eona.Ha ho bapisoa le 2016, sekhahla sa eona sa kholo ea thekiso ka 2017 se fihletse keketseho e kholo.Har'a bona, sekhahla sa kholo ea mohloli oa leseli oa 660nm LED se tsepamisitsoe ho 20% -50%, 'me sekhahla sa kholo ea thekiso ea semela se fetotsoeng phosphor se fihla ho 50% -200%, ke hore, thekiso ea semela se fetotsoeng phosphor. Mehloli ea leseli la LED e ntse e hola ka potlako.

Likhamphani tsohle tsa ho paka li ka fana ka lihlahisoa tse akaretsang tsa 0.2-0.9 W le 1-3 W.Mehloli ena ea leseli e lumella bahlahisi ba mabone hore ba be le phetoho e ntle ea moralo oa mabone.Ntle le moo, bahlahisi ba bang ba fana ka lihlahisoa tsa ho paka tse kopaneng tsa matla a holimo.Hona joale, ho feta 80% ea thepa e romelloang ke bahlahisi ba bangata ke 0.2-0.9 W kapa 1-3 W. Har'a bona, thepa ea lik'hamphani tse etellang pele tsa ho paka tsa machaba e tsepamisitsoe ho 1-3 W, ha thepa e nyenyane le e bohareng- lik'hamphani tse kholo tsa ho paka li tsepamisitsoe ho 0.2-0.9 W.

3.Libaka tsa ts'ebeliso ea mabone a limela

Ho tloha tšimong ea ts'ebeliso, lisebelisoa tsa mabone a limela li sebelisoa haholo ho bonesa sethopo, lifeme tsa limela tsa mabone a maiketsetso, setso sa mabone a semela, mabone a masimo a kantle a temo, meroho ea lapeng le ho lema lipalesa, le lipatlisiso tsa laboratori.

①Likamoreng tsa limela tsa letsatsi le li-greenhouses tse ngata, karolo ea mabone a maiketsetso bakeng sa mabone a tlatsetso e ntse e le tlase, 'me mabone a tšepe a halide le mabone a sodium a khatello e phahameng ke tsona tse ka sehloohong.Sekhahla sa ho kenella ha litsamaiso tsa mabone a LED se batla se le tlase, empa sekhahla sa kholo se qala ho potlakisa ha theko e theoha.Lebaka le ka sehloohong ke hore basebelisi ba na le phihlelo ea nako e telele ea ho sebelisa mabone a tšepe a halide le mabone a sodium a khatello e phahameng, 'me tšebeliso ea mabone a tšepe a halide le mabone a sodium a phahameng a ka fana ka hoo e ka bang 6% ho isa ho 8% ea matla a mocheso bakeng sa sethopo ha u ntse u qoba ho chesoa ke limela.Sistimi ea mabone a LED ha ea ka ea fana ka litaelo tse tobileng le tse sebetsang le tšehetso ea data, e ileng ea liehisa ts'ebeliso ea eona motšehare le li-greenhouses tse ngata.Hajoale, likopo tsa lipontšo tse nyane e ntse e le tsona tse ka sehloohong.Kaha LED ke mohloli o batang oa leseli, e ka ba haufi le lekhalo la limela, e leng se bakang tšusumetso e fokolang ea mocheso.Motšehare le li-greenhouses tse nang le mefuta e mengata, mabone a ho hola a LED a sebelisoa haholo ho lema limela tse lipakeng.

②Kopo ea tšimo ea temo ea kantle.Ho kenella le ho sebelisoa ha mabone a limela sebakeng sa temo ho bile butle, ha ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa mabone a limela tsa LED (photoperiod control) bakeng sa lijalo tsa kantle tsa letsatsi le lelelele tse nang le boleng bo phahameng ba moruo (joalo ka dragon fruit) e fihletse tsoelo-pele e potlakileng.

③Mafeme a limela.Hajoale, mokhoa o potlakileng le o sebelisoang ka ho fetesisa oa ho bonesa limela ke feme ea mabone a maiketsetso a maiketsetso, e arotsoeng ka har'a lifeme tsa limela tse tsamaisoang tse bohareng le tse ajoang ka lihlopha.Nts'etsopele ea lifeme tsa limela tse bobebe tsa maiketsetso Chaena e potlakile haholo.Setsi sa mantlha sa matsete a feme e bohareng e nang le likarolo tse ngata tsa mabone a maiketsetso ha se lik'hamphani tsa setso tsa temo, empa ke lik'hamphani tse ngata tse sebetsanang le lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki tsa semiconductor le bareki, joalo ka Zhongke San'an, Foxconn, Panasonic Suzhou, Jingdong, joalo-joalo. COFCO le Xi Cui le lik'hamphani tse ling tse ncha tsa temo ea sejoale-joale.Ka lifekthering tse ajoang le tse tsamaeang, lijana tse tsamaisang thepa (lits'oants'o tse ncha kapa ho aha bocha lijana tsa khale) li ntse li sebelisoa joalo ka bajari ba maemo.Lisebelisoa tsa mabone a limela tsa limela tsohle tsa maiketsetso hangata li sebelisa litsamaiso tsa mabone a mela kapa a bataletseng, 'me palo ea mefuta e lenngoeng e ntse e eketseha.Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea liteko ea leseli Mehloli ea leseli la LED e se e qalile ho sebelisoa ka bongata le ho pharaletseng.Lihlahisoa tse rekisoang haholo-holo ke meroho e makhasi a matala.

④Ho lema limela tsa malapa.LED e ka sebelisoa ka mabone a litafole tsa limela tsa malapa, liraka tsa ho jala limela tsa malapeng, mechine ea ho lema meroho ea malapeng, joalo-joalo.

⑤Ho lengoa ha limela tsa meriana.Ho lengoa ha limela tsa meriana ho kenyelletsa limela tse kang Anoectochilus le Lithospermum.Lihlahisoa limmarakeng tsena li na le boleng bo phahameng ba moruo 'me hajoale ke indasteri e nang le lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa mabone a limela.Ntle le moo, ho ngolisoa ka molao ha temo ea cannabis Amerika Leboea le likarolo tsa Europe ho khothalelitse ts'ebeliso ea mabone a ho hola a LED tšimong ea temo ea cannabis.

⑥Mabone a lipalesa.E le sesebelisoa sa bohlokoahali sa ho lokisa nako ea lipalesa indastering ea ho lema lipalesa, tšebeliso ea pele ea mabone a Lipalesa e ne e le mabone a incandescent, a lateloang ke mabone a bolokang matla a fluorescent.Ka nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea LED, lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa mabone a lipalesa tsa mofuta oa LED li nkile sebaka sa mabone a setso butle-butle.

⑦ Tloaelo ea lisele tsa limela.Mehloli ea mabone a setso a setso ke mabone a fluorescent a masoeu, a nang le khanya e tlase le mocheso o moholo oa mocheso.Li-LED li loketse haholoanyane bakeng sa setso sa lisele tsa semela se sebetsang hantle, se laolehang le se kopaneng ka lebaka la likarolo tsa bona tse ikhethang joalo ka tšebeliso e tlase ea matla, tlhahiso e tlase ea mocheso le bophelo bo bolelele.Hajoale, li-tubes tse tšoeu tsa LED butle-butle li nkela mabone a fluorescent sebaka.

4. Kabo ea libaka ea lik'hamphani tsa mabone tse hōlang

Ho ea ka lipalo-palo, hona joale ho na le lik'hamphani tse fetang 300 tse ntseng li hōla tsa mabone naheng ea heso, 'me li hōla lik'hamphani tsa mabone sebakeng sa Pearl River Delta li ikarabella ho feta 50%,' me li se li le boemong bo boholo.Lik'hamphani tse holisang mabone sebakeng sa Yangtze River Delta li etsa hoo e ka bang 30%, 'me e ntse e le sebaka sa bohlokoa sa tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tsa mabone.Likhamphani tsa mabone tsa setso li ajoa haholo sebakeng sa Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta le Bohai Rim, moo Yangtze River Delta e etsang karolo ea 53%, 'me Pearl River Delta le Bohai Rim li etsa 24% le 22% ka ho latellana. .Libaka tse ka sehloohong tsa kabo ea baetsi ba mabone a holisang LED ke Pearl River Delta (62%), Yangtze River Delta (20%) le Bohai Rim (12%).

B. Mokhoa oa nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea mabone ea LED e hola

1. Boiphihlelo

Mabone a ho holisa a LED a na le litšobotsi tsa mabone a feto-fetohang le matla a khanya, mocheso o tlase ka kakaretso, le ts'ebetso e ntle e sa keneleng metsi, ka hona e loketse ho holisa mabone libakeng tse fapaneng.Ka nako e ts'oanang, liphetoho tikolohong ea tlhaho le ho hahamalla ha batho ho fumana boleng ba lijo li khothalelitse nts'etsopele e matla ea sebaka sa temo le ho holisa lifeme, 'me li entse hore indasteri ea mabone a LED e hōle ka nako ea tsoelo-pele e potlakileng.Nakong e tlang, mabone a LED a tla ba le karolo ea bohlokoa ho ntlafatseng tlhahiso ea temo, ho ntlafatsa polokeho ea lijo le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba litholoana le meroho.Mohloli oa lebone la LED bakeng sa mabone a ntseng a hola o tla tsoela pele ho nts'etsapele ka boits'oaro butle butle ba indasteri mme o tsamaee ka tsela e lebisitsoeng ho feta.

2. Ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o phahameng

Ntlafatso ea matla a khanya le matla a matla ke senotlolo sa ho fokotsa haholo litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso ea mabone a limela.Tšebeliso ea mabone a LED ho fetola mabone a setso le ntlafatso e matla le tokiso ea tikoloho e khanyang ho ea ka litlhoko tsa mokhoa o khanyang oa limela ho tloha sethaleng sa ho mela ho fihlela nakong ea kotulo ke mekhoa e ke keng ea qojoa ea temo e hloekisitsoeng nakong e tlang.Mabapi le ho ntlafatsa chai, e ka lengoa ka mekhahlelo le libaka tse kopantsoeng le foromo e khanyang ho latela litšoaneleho tsa nts'etsopele ea limela ho ntlafatsa katleho ea tlhahiso le chai mothating o mong le o mong.Mabapi le ho ntlafatsa boleng, taolo ea phepo e nepahetseng le taolo ea leseli li ka sebelisoa ho eketsa litaba tsa limatlafatsi le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa bophelo bo botle.

Ho ea ka likhakanyo, tlhokahalo ea hona joale ea naha ea lipeo tsa meroho ke limilione tse likete tse 680, ha matla a tlhahiso ea lipeo tsa fektheri a le ka tlase ho 10%.Indasteri ea lipeo e na le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa tikoloho.Nako ea tlhahiso hangata ke mariha le selemo.Leseli la tlhaho lea fokola 'me leseli la maiketsetso lea hlokahala.Mabone a ho hōla ha limela a na le tlhahiso le tlhahiso e batlang e le holimo le tekanyo e phahameng ea ho amohela ho kenya letsoho.LED e na le melemo e ikhethang, hobane litholoana le meroho (tamati, likomkomere, mahapu, joalo-joalo) li hloka ho hlomathisoa, 'me mefuta e itseng ea tlatsetso e khanyang tlas'a maemo a phahameng a mongobo e ka khothalletsa pholiso ea lipeo tse hlomathisitsoeng.Leseli la tlatsetso la ho lema meroho ea sethopo le ka etsa hore ho be le khaello ea leseli la tlhaho, ho ntlafatsa katleho ea limela tsa photosynthetic, ho khothaletsa lipalesa le litholoana, ho eketsa chai le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba sehlahisoa.Leseli la ho hola la LED le na le menyetla e pharaletseng ea ts'ebeliso ho lipeo tsa meroho le tlhahiso ea sethopo.

3. Ea bohlale

Mabone a ho holisa limela a na le tlhoko e matla ea taolo ea nako ea 'nete ea boleng ba khanya le bongata ba khanya.Ka ntlafatso ea mahlale a bohlale a taolo le ts'ebeliso ea Marang-rang a Lintho, mefuta e fapaneng ea mabone a monochromatic le litsamaiso tse bohlale tsa ho laola li ka hlokomela taolo ea nako, taolo ea leseli, le ho latela boemo ba kholo ea limela, phetoho e nakong ea boleng ba leseli le tlhahiso ea leseli. e tlamehile ho fetoha mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa nts'etsopele ea nakong e tlang ea theknoloji ea mabone ea semela.